{"id":15455,"date":"2024-06-27T08:30:46","date_gmt":"2024-06-27T06:30:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/portfolio\/unwirksamer-darlehensvertrag-sittenwidriger-zinssatz-copy\/"},"modified":"2025-05-28T13:25:17","modified_gmt":"2025-05-28T11:25:17","slug":"freispruch-statt-hohe-geldstrafe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/portfolio\/freispruch-statt-hohe-geldstrafe\/","title":{"rendered":"Acquittal instead of heavy fine"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-003e3ed9 default uagb-is-root-container\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-freispruch-statt-hohe-geldstrafe\">Acquittal instead of heavy fine!<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-image uagb-block-35c4858d wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default wp-block-uagb-image--effect-static wp-block-uagb-image--align-none\"><figure class=\"wp-block-uagb-image__figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2-1024x433.webp ,https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2-1024x433.webp 780w, https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2.webp 360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 150px\" src=\"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2-1024x433.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"uag-image-11455\" width=\"1000\" height=\"400\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" role=\"presentation\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-was-passiert-wenn-die-justiz-betriebsblind-wird\">\u2013 Was passiert, wenn die Justiz \u201ebetriebsblind\u201c wird \u2013<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">The title of our article already anticipates the \"result\". Our client, who had been fined EUR 3,600.00, was acquitted with our help.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Bild_1-776x1024.webp\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Bild_2-1024x925.webp\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Bild_3-1024x805.webp\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>For us, the question is how it could have come so far in the first place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-i-was-war-passiert-nbsp\"><strong>I. What had happened?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">At the request of the D\u00fcsseldorf public prosecutor's office, the D\u00fcsseldorf Local Court issued a penalty order on 13 November 2023, imposing a fine of EUR 3,600.00 on the defendant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hintergrund ist der, dass die Staatsanwaltschaft dem Beschuldigten vorwarf, anl\u00e4sslich eines Einb\u00fcrgerungsantrages aus dem Jahr&nbsp;2022 falsche Angaben gemacht zu haben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">The charge was \"fraudulent attempt to obtain citizenship\" under Section 42 of the German Citizenship Act (StAG).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In \u00a7&nbsp;42&nbsp;StAG hei\u00dft es:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">A custodial sentence not exceeding five years or a monetary penalty shall be imposed on anyone who provides or uses incorrect or incomplete information on essential requirements for citizenship in order to obtain citizenship for themselves or another person.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gegen diesen Strafbefehl legte der Beschuldigte \u2013&nbsp;zun\u00e4chst&nbsp;eigenst\u00e4ndig&nbsp;\u2013 form- und fristgerecht <strong>Einspruch<\/strong> ein.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The defendant then contacted our D\u00fcsseldorf law firm and mandated us with his defence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ii-einsicht-in-die-ermittlungsakten\"><strong>II. Access to the investigation files<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>After inspecting the investigation files, the following emerged:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">The application for naturalisation at issue contains an instruction on the last page of the application regarding criminal liability pursuant to Section 42 StAG.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Below this instruction is a text field, according to which the naturalisation applicant must confirm the accuracy of the information provided by signing their name and stating the place and date.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Furthermore, the signature field contains the following note, which is emphasised in the design:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201e(<strong>Please sign only when submitting the application<\/strong>)\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Bild_4.webp\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">As can be seen from the photograph, this text field remained completely blank in the case of our client.\ncompletely empty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-iii-rechtliche-bedeutung-der-fehlenden-unterschrift\"><strong>III. Legal significance of the missing signature<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">From a legal point of view, the missing signature has considerable relevance in many respects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-unrichtige-angaben-machen-oder-benutzen\"><strong>1. providing or using incorrect information?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">With regard to the objective facts of Section 42 StAG, it is doubtful whether it is even possible to speak of \"providing or using information\" if the naturalisation applicant does not sign the disputed application document.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">If a legal layperson reads the above-mentioned note on the signature field, he or she must reasonably assume that an application can be assumed to have been submitted at the earliest when the naturalisation application has been signed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">This follows from the reverse conclusion of the notice, according to which the application must only be signed when it is \"submitted\". If the application is not signed, it is deemed - from the perspective of a reasonable naturalisation applicant - not to have been submitted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-keine-erschleichungsabsicht\"><strong>2. no intention to conceal<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Assuming that an applicant for naturalisation provides incorrect information in an application for naturalisation without confirming the accuracy of the information provided with his or her own signature, there can be no question of intent to defraud in legal terms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">An applicant for citizenship who does not declare the accuracy of his or her information to the outside world cannot be assumed to have intended to \"cheat\" during the naturalisation process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-fehlende-schuld\"><strong>3. lack of guilt<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Regardless of whether the requirements of Section 42 StAG are met, the criminal liability of a potential applicant for citizenship must fail due to personal reproachability (guilt).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">According to Section 17 of the German Criminal Code (Verbotsirrtum), an offender acts without guilt if he lacks the insight to do wrong when committing the offence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">In simple terms, this means that an offender cannot be punished if he lacks the awareness of wrongdoing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">An average applicant for citizenship can hardly be assumed to have been aware of the criminal provision of Section 42 StAG. Section 42 StAG is a specialised matter that is unknown even to many lawyers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">By signing the form, applicants for citizenship confirm that they have taken note of the information on criminal liability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Bild_5-1.webp\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Fehlt eine solche Unterschrift, so kann einem Einb\u00fcrgerungsbewerber nicht vorgeworfen werden, dass diesem die Strafnorm des \u00a7&nbsp;42&nbsp;StAG nachweislich bekannt gewesen sein muss.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-keine-fahrlassigkeitsstrafbarkeit\"><strong>4. no criminal liability for negligence<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">In the present case, a negligent offence under Section 42 StAG cannot be considered. The criminal provision of Section 42 StAG is a purely intentional offence. The legislator expressly does not criminalise the negligent provision or use of incorrect information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-keine-versuchsstrafbarkeit\"><strong>5. no attempted offence<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Furthermore, there is also no attempted offence. In the case of an offence, this only comes into consideration if the law expressly stipulates that the attempt is punishable (Section 23 (1) HS.2 StGB).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the StAG does not make such an order at any point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-iv-was-einen-guten-strafverteidiger-ausmacht\"><strong>IV. What makes a good criminal defence lawyer?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Im vorliegenden Fall wurde unsere Mandantschaft in der m\u00fcndlichen Verhandlung vom 22.&nbsp;April&nbsp;2024 freigesprochen, nachdem wir die Staatsanwaltschaft sowie den zust\u00e4ndigen Richter auf diesen Umstand hingewiesen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">The responsible clerk at the D\u00fcsseldorf public prosecutor's office and the judge who issued the penalty order were so \"operationally blind\" that they did not realise this fact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We can only advise every accused or defendant to seek legal advice and representation, even if the situation seems hopeless from the point of view of the person concerned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">This case is an example of how a legal \"quibble\" can change the entire course of criminal proceedings. A seemingly \"lost\" criminal case can end in an acquittal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a rule, a defence lawyer can only judge whether there is a \"chance\" or not once he has inspected the investigation files.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-v-fazit\"><strong>V. Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Our D\u00fcsseldorf law firm Topuz Law offers first-class legal advice in the field of criminal law. Our previous successes in the area of criminal defence confirm us time and again in our judgement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unabh\u00e4ngig vom Stadium des Strafverfahrens pr\u00fcfen wir im Einzelfall die Erfolgsaussichten einer anwaltlichen Vertretung und begleiten Sie \u2013&nbsp;notfalls&nbsp;\u2013 durch alle Instanzen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">You can send us a message at any time using our contact form. Alternatively, you can also send us an e-mail to: info@topuz-law.de or call our office on +49 211 43637831. Our secretary will answer your call within our opening hours. You will usually receive a response from us within 24 hours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Tolga Topuz<br>Lawyer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Topuz Law \u2013&nbsp;Kanzlei aus D\u00fcsseldorf&nbsp;\u2013<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Freispruch statt hohe Geldstrafe! \u2013 Was passiert, wenn die Justiz \u201ebetriebsblind\u201c wird \u2013 Der Titel unseres Beitrages nimmt das \u201eErgebnis\u201c bereits vorweg. Unser Mandant, dem eine Geldstrafe in&nbsp;H\u00f6he&nbsp;von&nbsp;EUR&nbsp;3.600,00 auferlegt worden war, wurde mit unserer Hilfe freigesprochen. F\u00fcr uns stellt sich die Frage, wies es \u00fcberhaupt so weit kommen konnte. I. Was war passiert?&nbsp; Das Amtsgericht&nbsp;D\u00fcsseldorf [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11455,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[247,251],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-allgemeines-zivilrecht","category-portfolio"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Freispruch statt hohe Geldstrafe ! \u1405 Topuz Law<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Freispruch statt Geldstrafe. 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Spezialisiert auf das Handels- und Gesellschaftsrecht, allgemeines Zivilrecht, Prozessf\u00fchrung, Arbeitsrecht und Strafrecht.","email":"info@topuz-law.de","telephone":"021143637831","legalName":"Kanzlei Topuz Law, Rechtsanwalt Tolga Topuz","foundingDate":"2023-05-01","vatID":"DE362946119","numberOfEmployees":{"@type":"QuantitativeValue","minValue":"1","maxValue":"10"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/#\/schema\/person\/41d9d01511d59a654caf51d894a07a61","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f35da6325cffd55e535673f6727902de7f79b20e1f50b8677b13425728707a7e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f35da6325cffd55e535673f6727902de7f79b20e1f50b8677b13425728707a7e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f35da6325cffd55e535673f6727902de7f79b20e1f50b8677b13425728707a7e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/topuz-law.de"],"url":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2.webp",1864,788,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2-150x150.webp",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2-300x127.webp",300,127,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2-768x325.webp",768,325,true],"large":["https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2-1024x433.webp",1024,433,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2-1536x649.webp",1536,649,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2.webp",1864,788,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Beitragsbild-2-18x8.webp",18,8,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Freispruch statt hohe Geldstrafe! \u2013 Was passiert, wenn die Justiz \u201ebetriebsblind\u201c wird \u2013 Der Titel unseres Beitrages nimmt das \u201eErgebnis\u201c bereits vorweg. Unser Mandant, dem eine Geldstrafe in&nbsp;H\u00f6he&nbsp;von&nbsp;EUR&nbsp;3.600,00 auferlegt worden war, wurde mit unserer Hilfe freigesprochen. F\u00fcr uns stellt sich die Frage, wies es \u00fcberhaupt so weit kommen konnte. I. Was war passiert?&nbsp; Das Amtsgericht&nbsp;D\u00fcsseldorf&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15455","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15455"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15455\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11455"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15455"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}