{"id":6668,"date":"2019-03-01T12:04:40","date_gmt":"2019-03-01T12:04:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/demo.goodlayers.com\/attorna\/?page_id=6668"},"modified":"2025-12-14T18:00:59","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T17:00:59","slug":"arbeitsrecht","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/topuz-law.de\/tr\/arbeitsrecht\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u015f Hukuku"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olal\u0131m!<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Yard\u0131ma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olursa, l\u00fctfen bizimle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7mekten \u00e7ekinmeyin. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede size geri d\u00f6nece\u011fiz. Acil yard\u0131ma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z varsa, l\u00fctfen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki numaray\u0131 aray\u0131n\u0131z:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/path><\/svg><\/span>Mo \u2013 Fr 07:30-19:00<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u0130\u015f mahkemesi yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131n\u0131n temel \u00f6zellikleri<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

K\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 i\u00e7in \"m\u00fccadele\"<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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I. K\u0131dem tazminat\u0131na hak kazanma<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sch\u00e4tzungsweise 80 Prozent der arbeitsgerichtlichen Verfahren in Deutschland sind K\u00fcndigungsschutzklagen. Die meisten dieser Verfahren enden mit einem sogenannten \u201eVergleich\u201c, also mit einer Einigung der Parteien. In der Regel einigen sich die Parteien eines arbeitsgerichtlichen Verfahrens dahingehend, dass der Arbeitgeber dem Arbeitnehmer eine bestimmte Geldsumme als \u201eAbfindung\u201c zahlt und der Arbeitnehmer aus dem Unternehmen bzw. Betrieb des Arbeitgebers ausscheidet. Die rechtlichen Hintergr\u00fcnde solcher Einigungen sind Bestandteil der anwaltlichen Beratung im Arbeitsrecht in D\u00fcsseldorf<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak, k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 i\u00e7in yasal bir hak yoktur. Bu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n bir yan\u0131lg\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaya kar\u015f\u0131 koruma davas\u0131n\u0131n (beyan davas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel bir \u015fekli) usuli amac\u0131, i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karman\u0131n ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011funu ve bu nedenle i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin devam etti\u011fini tespit etmektir. Davan\u0131n amac\u0131 i\u015fverene belirli bir miktar para \u00f6demesini emretmek de\u011fildir. Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaya kar\u015f\u0131 koruma davas\u0131n\u0131n sonucu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n istihdam\u0131n\u0131n devam etmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015f mahkemesi i\u015flemleri y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra, bu durum genellikle taraflar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na uygun de\u011fildir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u015fveren ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki genellikle o kadar kopmu\u015ftur ki, daha fazla i\u015fbirli\u011fi fiilen imkans\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015f mahkemesi uygulamas\u0131nda bu ikilem, taraflar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015firketten ayr\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 konusunda anla\u015fmas\u0131 \u015feklinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. Dava i\u00e7in zaman s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Yaz\u0131l\u0131 i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karma bildiriminin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, Alman \u0130\u015ften \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lmaya Kar\u015f\u0131 Koruma Yasas\u0131'n\u0131n (KSchG) 4. maddesi uyar\u0131nca dava a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 haftal\u0131k s\u00fcre ba\u015flar. Bu s\u00fcre ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa, ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder, yani i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karma en ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren yasal olarak ge\u00e7erli say\u0131l\u0131r (KSchG Madde 7).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu s\u00fcre, KSchG'ye tabi olmayanlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm yaz\u0131l\u0131 fesih bildirimleri i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

III. KSchG'nin uygulama kapsam\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bir i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karma ancak KSchG'nin uygulama alan\u0131na giriyorsa KSchG'ye g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilebilir. \u0130\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karma KSchG kapsam\u0131na girmiyorsa, yine de a\u00e7\u0131lan bir haks\u0131z i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karma davas\u0131, ancak KSchG'nin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan nedenlerle (\u00f6rne\u011fin formalite icab\u0131 i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karma) ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011fu takdirde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KSchG \u015fu durumlarda ge\u00e7erlidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

- ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin ayn\u0131 i\u015fletme veya \u015firkette kesintisiz olarak alt\u0131 aydan fazla bir s\u00fcre devam etmi\u015f olmas\u0131 (KSchG Madde 1 (1));<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– es sich bei dem Arbeitgeber nicht um einen Kleinbetrieb handelt, sprich regelm\u00e4\u00dfig mehr als 10  Arbeitnehmer (mind. 10,25 Arbeitnehmer) besch\u00e4ftigt werden, und<\/p>\n\n\n\n

- ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan serbest meslek sahibi de\u011fildir (i\u015f\u00e7i stat\u00fcs\u00fcnden farkl\u0131 olarak) ve y\u00f6netici pozisyonunda bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131daki t\u00fcm ko\u015fullar\u0131n yerine getirilmesi halinde, yaz\u0131l\u0131 bir i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karma sosyal olarak gerek\u00e7elendirilmemi\u015fse ge\u00e7ersizdir. Bu durum, di\u011fer hususlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karman\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n ki\u015fili\u011fi veya davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ya da operasyonel gerekliliklerle ilgili nedenlerden kaynaklanmamas\u0131 halinde ge\u00e7erlidir (KSchG Madde 1 (2)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu nedenle i\u015fveren, ki\u015fisel, davran\u0131\u015fsal veya operasyonel nedenlerle i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermeli ve kan\u0131tlamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015fveren bunu ba\u015far\u0131rsa, i\u015f ili\u015fkisi ge\u00e7erli fesih tarihinde sona erer ve ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \"eli bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IV. Etkili bir iptal i\u00e7in di\u011fer gereklilikler<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. Yaz\u0131l\u0131 belge Madde 623 BGB<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Alman Medeni Kanunu'nun (BGB) 623. maddesine g\u00f6re, fesih bildirimi yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, belgenin bildirimde bulunmaya yetkili ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan \u015fahsen imzalanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde yap\u0131lan fesihler ge\u00e7ersizdir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n